Question 1.
What is the essential difference between an 'Ethical Hacker' and a 'Cracker'?

A. The ethical hacker does not use the same techniques or skills as a cracker.
B. The ethical hacker does it strictly for financial motives unlike a cracker.
C. The ethical hacker has authorization from the owner of the target.
D. The ethical hacker is just a cracker who is getting paid.

Answer: C

Explanation: 
The ethical hacker uses the same techniques and skills as a cracker and the motive is to find the security breaches before a cracker does. There is nothing that says that a cracker does not get paid for the work he does, a ethical hacker has the owners authorization and will get paid even if he does not succeed to penetrate the target.

Question 2.
What does the term "Ethical Hacking" mean?

A. Someone who is hacking for ethical reasons.
B. Someone who is using his/her skills for ethical reasons.
C. Someone who is using his/her skills for defensive purposes.
D. Someone who is using his/her skills for offensive purposes.

Answer: C

Explanation: 
Ethical hacking is only about defending your self or your employer against malicious persons by using the same techniques and skills.

Question 3.
Who is an Ethical Hacker?

A. A person whohacksfor ethical reasons
B. A person whohacksfor an ethical cause
C. A person whohacksfor defensive purposes
D. A person whohacksfor offensive purposes

Answer: C

Explanation: 
The Ethical hacker is a security professional who applies his hacking skills for defensive purposes.

Question 4.
What is "Hacktivism"?

A. Hacking for a cause
B. Hacking ruthlessly
C. An association which groups activists
D. None of the above

Answer: A

Explanation: 
The term was coined by author/critic Jason Logan Bill Sack in an article about media artist Shu Lea Cheang. Acts of hacktivism are carried out in the belief that proper use of code will have leveraged effects similar to regular activism or civil disobedience.

Question 5.
Where should a security tester be looking for information that could be used by an attacker against an organization? (Select all that apply)

A. CHAT rooms
B. WHOIS database
C. News groups
D. Web sites
E. Search engines
F. Organization's own web site

Answer: A, B, C, D, E, F

Explanation: 
A Security tester should search for information everywhere that he/she can access. You never know where you find that small piece of information that could penetrate a strong defense.

Question 6.
What are the two basic types of attacks?(Choose two.

A. DoS
B. Passive
C. Sniffing
D. Active
E. Cracking

Answer: B, D

Explanation: 
Passive and active attacks are the two basic types of attacks.

Question 7.
You are footprinting Acme.com to gather competitive intelligence. You visit the acme.com websire for contact information and telephone number numbers but do not find it listed there. You know that they had the entire staff directory listed on their website 12 months ago but now it is not there. 

How would it be possible for you to retrieve information from the website that is outdated?

A. Visit google search engine and view the cached copy.
B. Visit Archive.org site to retrieve the Internet archive of the acme website.
C. Crawl the entire website and store them into your computer.
D. Visit the company's partners and customers website for this information.

Answer: B

Explanation: 
The Internet Archive (IA) is a non-profit organization dedicated to maintaining an archive of Web and multimedia resources. Located at the Presidio in San Francisco, California, this archive includes "snapshots of the World Wide Web" (archived copies of pages, taken at various points in time), software, movies, books, and audio recordings (including recordings of live concerts from bands that allow it). This site is found at www.archive.org.

Question 8.
User which Federal Statutes does FBI investigate for computer crimes involving e-mail scams and mail fraud?

A. 18 U.S.C 1029 Possession of Access Devices
B. 18 U.S.C 1030 Fraud and related activity in connection with computers
C. 18 U.S.C 1343 Fraud by wire, radio or television
D. 18 U.S.C 1361 Injury to Government Property
E. 18 U.S.C 1362 Government communication systems
F. 18 U.S.C 1831 Economic Espionage Act
G. 18 U.S.C 1832 Trade Secrets Act

Answer: B

Explanation:
http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode18/usc_sec_18_00001030----000-.html

Question 9.
Which of the following activities will NOT be considered as passive footprinting?

A. Go through the rubbish to find out any information that might have been discarded.
B. Search on financial site such as Yahoo Financial to identify assets.
C. Scan the range of IP address found in the target DNS database.
D. Perform multiples queries using a search engine.

Answer: C

Explanation:
Passive footprinting is a method in which the attacker never makes contact with the target systems. Scanning the range of IP addresses found in the target DNS is considered making contact to the systems behind the IP addresses that is targeted by the scan.

Question 10.
Which one of the following is defined as the process of distributing incorrect Internet Protocol (IP) addresses/names with the intent of diverting traffic?

A. Network aliasing
B. Domain Name Server (DNS) poisoning
C. Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
D. Port scanning

Answer: B

Explanation:
This reference is close to the one listed DNS poisoning is the correct answer. This is how DNS DOS attack can occur. If the actual DNS records are unattainable to the attacker for him to alter in this fashion, which they should be, the attacker can insert this data into the cache of there server instead of replacing the actual records, which is referred to as cache poisoning.

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