Question 1.
Exhibit:
ITCertKeys router#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M -mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, EEGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, *-candidate default
U - per-user static route, o - ODR
T - traffic engineered route
Gateway of last resort is not set
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
B 172.16.10.0 [20/0] via 10.1.1.100, 00:00:24
B 172.16.11.0 [20/0] via 10.1.1.100, 00:00:24
172.26.0.0/28 is subnetted, 3 subnets
B 172.26.1.48 [200/0] via 192.168.1.50, 00:00:31
B 172.26.1.32 [200/0] via 192.168.1.50, 00:00:31
B 172.26.1.16 [200/0] via 192.168.1.50, 00:00:31
10.0.0.0/8 is variable subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
B 10.0.0/8 [20/0] via 10.1.1.100, 00:00:24
C 10.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial3
192.168.1.0/28 is subnetted, 3 subnets
C 192.168.1.32 is directly connected, Serial1
C 192.168.1.48 is directly connected, Serial2
C 192.168.1.16 is directly connected, Serial0
192.168.2.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
B 192.168.2.64/28 [20/0] via 10.1.1.100, 00:00:26

Based on the show ip route output in the exhibit, how can you tell if a BGP route is learned via IBGP or EBGP?

A. By the Metric
B. By the Next Hop
C. By the Admin Distance
D. By the code "B" or "B Ex"

Answer:  C

Explanation: admin distance. Distance of EBGP is 20, Distance of IBGP is 200.

Question 2.
What is the range of values from which an ISP can assign a private AS number?

A. 32768 to 65535
B. 64512 to 65535
C. 65101 to 65535
D. 65001 to 65535

Answer:  B

Explanation:
An autonomous system (AS) is a collection of networks under a single technical administration. Some other definitions refer to a collection of routers or IP prefixes, but in the end they all mean the same entity. The important principle is the technical administration, which means sharing the same routing protocol and routing policy. Legal and administrative ownership of the routers does not matter in terms of autonomous systems. Autonomous systems are identified by AS numbers, 16-bit unsigned quantities ranging from 1 to 65535. Public AS numbers are assigned by Internet registries. For customers that need AS numbers to run BGP in their private networks, a range of private AS numbers (64512 - 65535) has been reserved.

Reference: Configuring BGP on Cisco Routers volume 1 p.2-4

Question 3.
Network topology exhibit
 

What can prevent the corresponding BGP session from being successfully established?

A. ITCertKeys 2 and ITCertKeys 5 cannot establish the IBGP session because ITCertKeys 2 and ITCertKeys 5 are not directly connected.
B. ITCertKeys 1 and ITCertKeys 2 establish the EBGP session if the BGP holddown timers between the two EBGP neighbors are different.
C. ITCertKeys 2 and ITCertKeys 5 cannot establish the IBGP session using the loopback0 interface if the EBGP-multihop value is set to the default value.
D. ITCertKeys 1 and ITCertKeys 2 cannot establish the EBGP session using the loopback0 interface if the EBGP-multihop value is set to the default value.

Answer:  D

Question 4.
Exhibit:
 
How should the EBGP session between R1 and R2 be established to enable load balancing? (Choose three)

A. Use the maximum-paths 2 option.
B. Use the ebgp-multihop 2 option.
C. Use static routes on R1 and R2 to reach the other router's loopback.
D. Establish a single EBGP session using the loopback0 interface IP address on R1 and R2.
E. Establish twp EBGP sessions using both the S0 and S1 interface IP address on R1 and R2.

Answer:  B, C, D

Explanation:
1. B R1 - R2 requires a EBGP ebgp-multihop of 2.
2. C Requires two static routes going to each other router loopback interface
3. D A BGP session of course is required. Only a single connection is required. Use the loopback is what allows things to work even during a failure Wrong Answer
1. A This is not required because there is only on EBGP path. Would need two if static routes were not define and were going between different routers 
2. E Not an efficient way of doing things requires double the tables and bandwidth for updates

Question 5.
Which two statements are true about an EBGP session or an IBGP session? (Choose two.)

A. IBGP uses AS-Path to detect routing information loops within the AS.
B. EBGP routes have a default Admin Distance of 20 and IBGP routes have a default Admin Distance of 200.
C. No BGP attributes are changed in EBGP updates except for the next-hop attribute if next-hop-self is configured.
D. Routes learned from an EBGP peer not advertised to another EBGP peer to prevent routing information loops.
E. IBGP uses split horizon to prevent routing information loops; routes learned from an IBGP peer are not advertised to another IBGP peer.

Answer:  B, E

Question 6.
Network Topology Exhibit
 
Exhibit #2: ITCertKeys2 configuration
 
When ITCertKeys2 sends the TCP SYN packet to ITCertKeys3 to establish the IBGP session, what will be the source IP address of the TCP SYN packet from ITCertKeys2 to ITCertKeys3?

A. 2.2.2.2
B. 3.3.3.3
C. 10.1.1.1
D. 10.1.1.2

Answer:  C

Question 7.
Network topology Exhibit
 
How should the EBGP session between ITCertKeys1 and ITCertKeys2 be established to enable load balancing? (Choose three.)

A. Use the maximum-paths 2 option
B. Use the ebgp-multihop 2 option
C. Use static routes on ITCertKeys1 and ITCertKeys2 to reach the other router's loopback
D. Establish a single EBGP session using the loopback0 interface IP address on ITCertKeys1 and ITCertKeys2
E. Establish two EBGP sessions using both the S0 and D1 interface IP address on ITCertKeys1 and ITCertKeys2

Answer:  B, C, D

Question 8.
Exhibit:
 
What can prevent the corresponding BGP session from being successfully established?

A. ITK2 and ITK5 cannot establish the IBGP session if the BGP Hello Timer between the two IBGP neighbors is different.
B. ITK1 and ITK2 cannot establish the EBGP session if the BGP Hello Timer between the two EBGP neighbors are different.
C. ITK1 and ITK2 cannot establish the EBGP session using the loopback0 interface if the EBGP-mutlihop value is set to 2.
D. ITK2 and ITK5 cannot establish the IBGP session because they are not using the loopback0 interface to establish the IBGP session.
E. ITK2 and ITK5 cannot establish the IBGP session if ITK3 and ITK4 have an access list permitting only TCP port 80 and IP protocol number 89 traffic.

Answer:  E

Question 9.
The Outbound Route Filter (ORF) capability is negotiated between BGP neighbors during the BGP ____ process via the _____ message.

A. route propagation; Update
B. session establishment; Open
C. route propagation; Notification
D. route propagation; Route Refresh
E. session establishment; Route Refresh

Answer:  B

Explanation: 
Capabilities are negotiated during session establishment in the open message. Appendix C P456 Internet routing Architectures.
Wrong
1. A needs to be decided before update
2. C notification is an error message
3. D not a message type
4. E not a message type

Question 10.
BGP table
Address Prefix AS-Path Next hop Communities Other attr. 
10.0.0.0 /8 65100 65101 1.1.1.1 65101:111
… … … … … …
IP routing table
Protocol Address Prefix Next-hop Outgoing interface
BGP 10.0.0.0 /8 1.1.1.1
OSPF 1.1.1.1 /32 172.16.1.2 Ethernet 0
conn. 172.16.1.0 /24 Ethernet 0
IP routing table
Protocol Address Prefix Next-hop Outgoing
interface
BGP 10.0.0.0 /8 1.1.1.1
OSPF 1.1.1.1 /32 172.16.1.2 Ethernet 0
conn. 172.16.1.0 /24 Ethernet 0
To forward a packet to 10.0.0.0/8, the router perform the following steps:
Step 1. Search the ip routing table for a route to reach the 10.0.0.0/8 network.
Step 2. ___________________________
Step 3. Find the connected outgoing interface to reach 172.16.1.2.
Step 4. Arp for the 172.16.1.2 MAC address if it is not already in the ARP cache.
Step 5. Store the 172.16.1.2 MAC address in the Fast Switching cache for successive packets to network 10.0.0.0.

What is step 2?

A. Search the BGP table for an IGP route to reach the BGP next-hop 1.1.1.1.
B. Search the BGP table for an IBGP route to reach the BGP next-hop 1.1.1.1.
C. Search the IP routing table for an IGBP route to reach the BGP next-hop 1.1.1.1.
D. Search the IP routing table for an IGP route to reach the BGP next-hop of 1.1.1.1.

Answer:  D

Explanation: 
Routing table specifies to get to 10.0.0.0 goto 1.1.1.1. To get to 1.1.1.1 do a lookup in the routing table on the next hop.

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